Sheikh Saadi Sherazi (Sheikh Mosleh al-Din)

Known by his pen-name as Saʿdī‚ Abū-Muhammad Muslih al-Dīn bin Abdallāh Shīrāzī was one of the major Persian poets of the medieval period. He is not only famous in Persian-speaking countries‚ but he has also been quoted in western sources.His best known works are Bostan (The Orchard) completed in 1257 and Gulistan (The Rose Garden) in 1258.When he reappeared in his native Shiraz he was an elderly man.
Shiraz, under Atabak Abubakr Sa'd ibn Zangy (1231-60) was enjoying an era of relative tranquility. Saadi was not only welcomed to the city but was respected highly by the ruler and enumerated among the greats of the province. In response, Saadi took his nom de plume from the name of the local prince, Sa'd ibn Zangi, and composed some of his most delightful panegyrics as an initial gesture of gratitude in praise of the ruling house and placed them at the beginning of his Bostan. He seems to have spent the rest of his life in Shiraz.His best known works are the Bostan (The Orchard) and the Golestan (The Rose Garden). The Bostan is entirely in verse (epic metre) and consists of stories aptly illustrating the standard virtues recommended to Muslims (justice, liberality, modesty, contentment) as well as of reflections on the behaviour of dervishes and their ecstatic practices. The Golestan is mainly in prose and contains stories and personal anecdotes. The text is interspersed with a variety of short poems, containing aphorisms, advice, and humorous reflections. Saadi demonstrates a profound awareness of the absurdity of human existence. The fate of those who depend on the changeable moods of kings is contrasted with the freedom of the dervishes.

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